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KMID : 0362520140160020115
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Journal of The Korean Academy of Dental Hygiene
2014 Volume.16 No. 2 p.115 ~ p.127
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A Study on Dietary Habit and Oral Care Behavior by College Students’ Body Mass Index
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Heo Nam-Suk
Song Hyun-Jung
Jo Mi-Suk
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Abstract
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This study attempted to figure out college students’ dietary habit and oral care behavior by Body Mass Index (BMI, kg/m2). For this, a self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted against a total of 450 students attending two colleges in Busan and Gyeongnam from the mid March to August 2012. Then, the study results found the followings: 1. In terms of the frequency of dental visits per year, ‘once or twice’ was the highest with 38.5%. When asked how often they brush their teeth a day, 46.1% responded ‘3 times.’ In term of brushing time, 41.6% said ‘2 minutes.’ When asked how they brush their teeth, 59.3% responded ‘up/down and right/left.’ 2. When asked how long it usually takes to finish their meal, 60.6% responded ‘10-19 minutes.’ When asked why they skip meals, 58.4% said, ‘shortage of time.’ When asked which taste they prefer, 41.6% said ‘sweet’ while 30.6% responded ‘spicy.’ When asked how often they enjoy snacks a day, 29.9% responded ‘twice.’ When asked when exactly they usually enjoy the snacks, ‘before dinner since returning home from school’ was most responded. When asked what kind of food they eat for snacks, 52.5% said ‘nutritious and safe food.’ 3. In terms of awareness of health and oral health by BMI, the normal weight group (less than 23.0 of BMI) was higher than the obese group (23.0 or higher in BMI) with statistically significant difference (p<0.05). 4. In relations between oral care behavior and BMI, significant difference was observed depending on the frequency of dental visits per year, daily toothbrushing frequency, brushing time and brushing method (p<0.05). In terms of a portion of the students who responded ‘5 times or more’ relating to the frequency of dental visits per year, the normal weight group (80.0%) was greater than the obese group (20.2%). Compared to the obese group, the normal weight group was higher in daily toothbrushing frequency and brushing time. 5. In relations between BMI and drinking/smoking frequency, the obese group (54.9%) was higher than the normal weight group (45.1%) in terms of ‘drinking 3-5 times a week.’ In terms of ‘smoking a pack of cigarette a day,’ the obese group (63.5%) was higher with significant difference (p<0.01). 6. In relations between BMI and dietary habit, the normal weight group (62.7%) was higher than the obese group (37.3%) in terms of responding ‘20-30 minutes for meal.’ In terms of the reasons of skipping meals, the normal weight group (58.9%) was higher than the obese group (41.1%) in terms of responding ‘shortage of time.’ In preferred taste, the normal weight group (62.4%) was higher than the obese group (37.6%) in terms of responding ‘sweet’ with significant difference (p<0.05). In the frequency of eating snacks a day, the normal weight group (62.1%) was higher than the obese group (37.9%) in terms of responding ‘occasionally’ with significant difference (p<0.05). 7. In oral care behavior and dietary habit factors which have an effect on BMI, BMI was high as brushing time was short, the frequency of eating snacks was low, and smoking frequency was high. This study confirmed that the BMI which represents college students’ health is related with their dietary habit, smoking and oral care behavior. Therefore, it appears that it is necessary to come up with an obesity control program and desirable dietary habit and oral care program to keep a healthy body weight for college students.
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KEYWORD
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Oral Care Behavior, Dietary Habit, Obesity, BMI, University student
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